Embedded System Programming

Day 1. Microprocessors/Micro-controllers 8/16/32 bit microprocessors and micro-controllers 1. Study of different Architectures 1.1 Von neuman 1.2 Hardward 1.3 Modified Hardward 2. Processors based on instructions Define and differentiate between 2.1 RISC 2.2 CISC 3. Peripherals and I/O Devices 3.1 Communication oriented: PIC, DMA, Serial (16450), Timer(8254) 4. Programming 4.1 Instruction Sets and addressing modes 4.2 Assembly language programming: Illustration through 80x86 assembly for program on DOS platform using a Macros Assembler(MASM). 5. Debugging 5.1 Debuggers: Various types e.g. Debug Monitor, remote debugger, Dos Debug 5.2 Simulators: Demonstrate through 5.3 Emulators: description of concept and usage 5.4 EPROM Emulators: description of concept and usage 6. Concept of Cross-compilers 6.1 Build process 6.1 Compiler, Linker and Locater Lab Session: 1. Usage of Assembler ( Macro assembler ) 2. Usage of cross compiler ( C51 or C68K cross compiler, linker and locater) 3. Usage of Debugger (A debug monitor running on 80186 cpu, downloading a program and show execution sequence, registers, memory contents) 4. Usage of C51 or 68k simulator Day 2 Using C In An Embedded Environment 1. New data types 2. Locating variables to absolute addresses : to place variables or constants or struct to access the registers of ext device, to fixed locations in an embedded system 3. Access to processor-specific registers 4. Memory types : space qualifiers: compiler keywords (RAM, ROM, FLASH) 5. Memory models : architecture, size, use and applicability : tiny, small, compact, large, huge 6. Writing interrupt service routines : Interrupt handler, actions at interrupt, compiler role, The interrupt keyword, (give example of a timer interrupt service routine) 7. Passing parameters to functions : stack, special registers Returning Results values : Stack, registers (accu.) 8. Inline assembly: why, how? 9. Startup code/booting procedure or routines 10.Writing optimum code Improve the speed and code size Lab Session: 1. Writing sample embedded 'C' program, compiling, linking Day 3. Fundamentals of RTOS 1 Introduction to operating systems 2 Components of OS 2.1 CPU 2.2 Memory 2.3 I/O System (FS, DD) 3 RTOS Concepts 3.1 Multitasking 3.2 Hard and Soft Real time 4 OS Services 4.1 Scheduling: Non-preemptive and preemptive 4.2 Process synchronization: semaphores 4.3 Inter-task Communications: Message Queues 5 Memory Management 5.1 Real Mode and Protected Mode, 5.2 Virtual and Physical Address 5.3 Segmentation 5.4 Paging 6 File Systems 6.1 DOS 6.2 NTFS 6.3 Unix 6.4 Flash FS 7 Device Drivers 7.1 Serial 7.2 Ethernet 8 Comparison and application of various RTOS 8.1 VxWorks 8.2 pSOS 8.3 iRMK 8.4 uCOS-II 8.5 RT-Linux Lab Session: Demonstration of Embedded Linux with a real time kernel by building tasks and running it.