Fundamentals of Vibration for Test Applications
Mechanical Engineering
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Fundamentals of Vibration for Test Applications
Course No. 116
(Course Outline shown below.)
Applications Random vibration and shock are important in most engineering applications where the product is exposed to transportation and to possible vibration and shock during service. The need to understand the effects of vibration and shock on product reliability is paramount today, where electronic/computer components are part of almost every product.
For whom intended Many engineers need specialized education to properly measure, quantify, and analyze this generally unfamiliar environment and to reproduce it in environmental test laboratories. This course is for test laboratory managers, engineers and technicians. It also helps quality and reliability specialists and acquisition personnel in government and military activities and their contractors. It is designed to serve the needs of personnel in a wide range of industries where equipment problems may be encountered during the shipment and use of their product.
The instructor maintains good balance between theory and practical applications. Instrumentation specialists who will measure transportation, service, and laboratory vibration need this course. Metrologists learn about vibration the use of sensors. Project personnel, structures and packaging engineers learn about developmental testing. Product assurance and acquisition specialists learn to evaluate test facilities and methods, and to interpret specifications.
Brief course description This course covers a wide range of topics associated with vibration and shock applications in order to enable the course participants to acquire a basic understanding of the complex field of vibration and shock. Each of the subject areas covered in this course have expanded coverage in their own three day courses for those individuals who need a more thorough understanding for their application.
Lectures and videotaped physical demonstrations show, for example, how structures behave when mechanically excited, how to use pickups to sense input and response forces and motions, how to read out and evaluate the resulting electrical signals.
The course commences with an introduction to vibration and its effects and then proceeds to cover the basic theory needed to understand the material covered during the three days. While mathematics are kept to a minimum, it is necessary to cover a sufficient amount so that the concepts of vibration can be understood. The course presents some basic theory of data acquisition, electronic filters and measurement systems.
The theory of dynamics is covered, including the relationships between displacement, velocity and acceleration, and then the various types of vibration exciters are discussed. Random vibration theory and the concept of test fixtures and vibration measurement are discussed before proceeding to cover vibration testing, mechanical shock applications and environmental stress screening, as well as HALT and HASS applications.
Related Courses Course 117, Fundamentals of Vibration for Design Applications (http://www.ttiedu.com/117cat.html), covers some of the same topics as course 116, but places less emphasis on testing and more emphasis on design, including issues such as fatigue, material selection, modal analysis and design to withstand vibration and shock.
Certificate Programs This course is required for TTi’s Specialist Certificate Programs (see http://www.ttiedu.com/certprog.html).
Prerequisites There are no formal prerequisites for this course. Supervisors are invited to contact TTi on prospective attendees’ backgrounds and needs.
Text Each student will receive a course workbook, including most of the viewgraphs used in the course presentation.
Course Hours, Certificate and CEUs Open courses meet seven hours per day. Upcoming presentation dates can be found on our current open course schedule (http://www.ttiedu.com/schedule.html). Class hours/days for on-site courses can vary from 14-35 hours over 2-5 days as requested by our clients. Upon successful course completion, each participant receives a certificate of completion and one Continuing Education Unit (CEU) for every ten class hours.
Course Outline No. 116
- Introduction to Vibration
- Basic Concepts and Terminology
- Spectra
- Transfer Functions
- Understanding Decibels (dB) and Octaves
- Electronic Filters & Measurement Systems
- Low-pass, High-pass and Bandpass Networks
- Understanding RMS
- Complex Signals, Random Signals
- Dynamic Force and Motion
- Laws of Motion, Weight vs. Mass
- Gravity
- Force, Mass, Acceleration
- Work, Power, Energy
- Degrees of Freedom
- Natural Frequency
- Harmonic Waves
- Transmissibility
- Isolation
- Damping
- Vibration Exciters (Shakers)
- Electrohydraulic (EH) Shakers
- Electrodynamic Shakers
- Force Rating and Available Acceleration
- Table Expanders and Oil-Slip Tables
- Random Vibration
- Statistics
- Probability Distributions
- Random Data Spectrum
- Normal Distribution Curve
- Power Spectral Density
- Deriving RMS G from Spectral Plot
- Fixtures
- Materials
- Fabrication methods
- Vibration Measurement
- Velocity, Displacement Sensing
- Strain Measurement
- Wheatstone Bridges
- Accelerometers
- Mounting, Cabling
- Signal Conditioning
- Charge Amplifiers
- Power Amplifiers, Effects of Resonance
- Vibration Testing
- Types of Testing
- Development
- Qualification
- Acceptance
- Screening
- Reliability
- Life
- Closed Loop Control
- Function generators
- Shaker Control-Input or Response
- Notching
- Slip Tables
- Accelerated Vibration Testing
- Multiple DoF Testing
- Types of Testing
- Basics of Spectral Analysis
- Time and Frequency Domain
- Spectral Analysis
- Phase
- Fourier Transforms
- Discrete Fourier Analysis
- Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)
- Transfer Function
- Shannon’s Theorem
- Nyquist Frequency
- Sampling Examples
- Aliasing
- FFT Distortion
- Windowing
- Sine Vibration Testing
- Closed Loop Control
- Sine Sweeps
- Effect of Sweep Speed
- Resonant Search
- Plotting the Crossover Frequency
- Random Vibration Testing
- Calculating RMS from PSD
- Gaussian Random Signal
- Standard Deviation
- Statistical Degrees of Freedom
- Accuracy/Confidence
- Random Control
- Actuator System Transfer Function
- Sine on Random, Random on Random
- Overtest Protection
- Mechanical Shock
- Shock Testing on various machines
- MIPS Table
- Shock Response Spectrum
- Transient Tests
- Definition
- Types
- Analysis Options
- SRS Mechanical Analog
- Element Dynamic Response
- SRS Analysis Element
- Assembly of Filter Elements
- SRS Analysis Procedure
- Environmental Stress Screening
- Thermal, Vibration Environments
- Step Stress Tests
- HALT and HASS
- Standards vs. Specifications
- Summary, Final exam
- Award of certificates for successful completion
For a printable (.pdf) version of course outline no. 116, see http:/www.ttiedu.com/PDF/116cat.pdf
For schedules, enrollment information and more, visit http://www.ttiedu.com
- Vibration Testing
