Electronics for Non-Electronic Engineers

Course No. 104-5

(Course Outline shown below.)

For Whom Intended  This course is ideal for individuals whose primary formal training is not in the field of electronic engineering. Individuals with training in electronics have found course 104-5 to be an excellent refresher. Electrical controls and electronics are incorporated in almost every technical activity, and all technical personnel have to deal, at least to some extent, with some aspects of electrical engineering. A basic understanding of electronics is essential to better perform their main function.

Objectives  To help participants to understand the concepts and terminology of electronics. It is not an in-depth electronics course but rather a course aimed at individuals who require an intensive review of basic principals, without the assumption of any prior knowledge of the topic. The course is fast-paced and as non-mathematical as possible.

Brief Course Description  The course covers basic concepts of electrical theory, starting with the simple DC circuit and Ohm's Law. It describes the basic components encountered in electrical circuits, such as resistors, capacitors, inductors etc. The course discusses behavior of inductors and gives examples of circuit theory, including LCR circuits and filters, also transient RL circuit analysis. Resonant circuits and their applications are covered. The basic theory of transformers and their various types: power, current, potential and transformers used in measurement systems are discussed, as are rectifier and filter circuits.

Sinusoidal and non-sinusoidal waveforms are discussed as they apply to electrical technology. Instrumentation is covered next, including measuring devices such as ohmmeters and voltmeters, before covering polyphase circuits used in power distribution.

Moving from electricity to basic electronics, we cover the theory of solid state electronics including semiconductor physics, diodes, transistors, FETs, thyristors and photoelectric devices. The course presents amplifiers, including the various applications of power amplifiers, negative feedback etc. This leads to the study of oscillators.

The course then delves into digital electronics, discussing numbering systems and binary arithmetic and then examining primitive logic functions and Boolean algebra. An introduction to digital troubleshooting is followed by presentations on state diagrams, tables and machines, and on analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog conversion. Integrated circuits are discussed, along with memory and IC applications. The course concludes by looking at hybrid circuits.

An appendix provides material for further study in related mathematics, including vectors, phasors, RMS and scientific and engineering notation. Additional material regarding Electro-Static Discharge is also provided.

Related Courses  A shorter version of Course 104-5, Course 104-3 (http://www.ttiedu.com/104-3cat.html) omits the material on digital electronics. Course 105, Understanding Digital Electronics (http://www.ttiedu.com/105cat.html), covers the same material on digital electronics as shown below, in greater depth and with additional topics. Either Course 104-5, Course 104-3 or Course 105 may be presented on-site, at your facility.

Certificate Programs  This course satisfies the 104 requirement for TTi’sMechanical Design Specialist (MDS), Metrology Specialist (MSC) and Instrumentation Test Specialist (ITS) certificate programs. It may be used as an elective for any other TTi Specialist Certificate Program (see http://www.ttiedu.com/certprog.html).

Text  Each student will receive a course workbook, including most of the viewgraphs used in the course presentation.

Course Hours, Certificate and CEUs  Open courses meet seven hours per day. Upcoming presentation dates can be found on our current open course schedule (http://www.ttiedu.com/schedule.html). Class hours/days for on-site courses can vary from 14-35 hours over 2-5 days as requested by our clients. Upon successful course completion, each participant receives a certificate of completion and one Continuing Education Unit (CEU) for every ten class hours.

Course Outline No. 104-5

• Introduction
  • Review of a typical electronic circuit
  • Schematic Diagram of a Radio Receiver
  • Electronic Symbols and Abbreviations
  • Path of Signals through Circuit
  • Block Diagram
• Electrical Fundamentals Review
  • Electrostatic Field and Potentials
  • Charge
  • Conductors, Insulators
  • Current, Voltage
  • Ohm’s Law
  • EMF
  • Resistors
  • Network Theorems
  • Alternating Current
  • Non-Sinusoidal Waveforms
  • Square Waves
  • Harmonics
  • Analog vs. Digital Waveforms
  • Examples
• Capacitors and Inductors
• Transient R-C and R-L Circuits
  • Examples
• Reactances in Series and Parallel
  • Inductive and Capacitive Reactance
  • Phasor Diagrams
  • Impedances in Series or Parallel
  • Parallel Reactance
  • Examples
• Series and Parallel Resonance
  • Resonant Frequency
  • Q of a Series Circuit
  • Bandwidth of Series R-L-C Circuit
  • Parallel Resonance
  • Filters
• Transformers
  • Construction
  • Equivalent Circuit
  • Turns Ratio
  • Power Relationships, Efficiency
  • Impedance Matching
  • Loosely coupled, Single and Double Tuned Transformers
• Instrumentation
  • Average and RMS Values of Common Waveforms
  • Decibels
  • Log vs. Linear Scales
  • Precision and Accuracy
  • Errors
  • Output Impedance, Loading
  • Power Transfer, Impedance Matching
  • Meters
  • Oscilloscopes
  • Measuring Voltage, Current, Time, Frequency, Phase
  • Digital Oscilloscopes
  • Ohmmeters
  • Function Generator
  • Safety
  • Grounds
• Polyphase Circuits
  • Phasor Voltages
  • Three-phase Generators
  • Power Distribution
  • Local Power Distribution Systems
• Semiconductor Physics
  • N-type and P-type Doping
  • Diffusion
  • Current Flow
• Diodes
  • Alloy Junction Diode
  • Planar Technology (Diffusing)
  • P-N Junction Behavior
  • Junction Barrier
  • Biasing
  • Diode types
    • Rectifier, Signal, Zener, Tuned
  • Voltage Regulator
  • Tunnel diodes
• Transistors and Biasing
  • NPN Transistor
  • Amplifier Gain
  • Common Base, Emitter, Collector Circuits
• Field Effect Transistors (FETs)
  • JFET
  • Channel Depletion
  • MOSFET
  • N-channel Enhancement and Depletion
  • Transfer Characteristics
• Thyristors
  • Operation of SCR
  • I-V Characteristics of a Typical SCR
  • Dimmers
• Photo-electric Devices
  • Photo-voltaic Cells/Solar Cells
  • Photo Conductive Diodes
  • Photo-transistors
  • PIN Diodes
  • High Gain Light Detector
  • LASCR
  • LED
• Rectifiers and Filters
  • Power Supply with a Regulator
  • Half and Full Wave Rectifiers
  • Bridge Rectifier
  • Filters
  • Capacitive Load
  • Power Supply Loading
  • Filter Choke
• Amplifier Fundamentals and Considerations
  • How Transistors Amplify
  • Transistor voltage, Power Gain and Operating Point
  • Base Bias Adjustment
  • Operating Point Stabilization
  • Bypass Capacitor
  • Signal Clipping
  • Classes
  • Coupling Methods
  • Resistive-Capacitance (RC) Coupling
  • Direct Coupling
  • Frequency Response
  • Distortion
  • Slewing Rate
• Tuned Amplifiers
  • AM and FM IF Bandwidths
  • IF Amplifier Stage
  • Detector and AGC Circuit
  • RF Amplifiers
  • Sensitivity
• Oscillators
  • Kinds of Oscillators
  • Positive Feedback
  • Configurations
  • Transistor Hartley, Colpitts or Clapp Oscillator
  • Crystal Oscillator
  • RC Oscillators
• Feedback
  • Types of Negative Feedback
  • Voltage Shunt Feedback
  • Input Impedance
  • Voltage Series
• Differential Amplifiers
  • One Input
  • Two Inputs
  • Common Mode Rejection
• Operational Amplifiers
  • Characteristics
  • Mini-DIP Integrated Circuit
  • External Feedback
  • Op Amp Circuits: Inverting or Noninverting Amplifier
  • Follower
  • Summing Amplifier
  • Gain and Frequency Response
  • Basic Cautions
• Numbering Systems and Binary Arithmetic
  • Binary
  • Decimal
  • Octal
  • Hexadecimal
  • Binary Addition and Subtraction
  • Signed Binary Numbers
  • Binary Multiplication
• Primitive Logic Functions:
  • NOT, AND, OR, XOR, NAND, NOR, XNOR
• Boolean Algebra
  • Constants and Variables
  • Truth Tables
  • Algebraic Representation of Logic Circuits
  • Circuits from Boolean Expressions
  • DeMorgan's Theorems
  • Universality of NAND gates and NOR gates
  • Karnaugh Maps
• Introduction to Digital Troubleshooting
  • Classification of Faults
    • Intermittent versus Permanent
    • External versus Internal
    • Parametric versus Logic
    • Static versus Dynamic
  • Test Equipment
  • Static and Dynamic Measurements
  • Fault Localization, Fault Isolation
  • Testing for Dynamic Faults
• State Diagrams, Tables, and Machines
  • Coin-Operated Vending Machine
  • State Diagram for Controller
  • State Table for Controller
  • State Machines-Moore, Mealy
  • State Assignment
  • Binary Encoded State Assignment
  • Minimized Boolean Equations
• Interfacing with the Analog World
  • Digital-to-Analog Conversion
  • D/A-Converter Circuitry
  • DAC Specifications
  • Analog-to-Digital Conversion
  • Data Acquisition
  • Digital Voltmeter
  • Sample-and-Hold Circuits
  • Multiplexing
  • Digital Storage Oscilloscope
• Integrated Circuits
  • Fabrication Process
  • Packaging Process
  • Noise Immunity
  • Power Dissipation
  • Propagation Delay
  • Speed-Power Product
• Memory
  • Memory Technology
  • General Memory Operations
  • Memory Considerations
  • ROM · RAM · Static RAM (SRAM)· Dynamic RAM (DRAM)
  • Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs)
  • Magnetic and Optical Memories
  • Digital System Application
• Integrated Circuit Applications
  • Gate Array Devices
  • Standard Cell Devices
  • Full Custom Devices
• Circuit Board Technology
  • Subtractive Process
  • Additive Process
  • Single-sided Boards
  • Surface Mount Technology
  • Double-sided Boards
  • Multilayer Boards
  • Backplanes and Motherboards
• Hybrid Circuits
  • Hybrid Substrates
  • Thick-Film Process
  • Thin-Film Process
  • Assembly Process
  • Packaging Process
• Appendix
  • Mathematical Fundamentals
  • Scientific and Engineering Notation
  • Vectors
  • Understanding RMS
  • AC Circuits
  • Phasors
  • Impedance
• Summary, Discussion
• Final Exam
• Award of Certificates for Successful Completion

For a printable (.pdf) version of course outline no. 104-5, see http:/www.ttiedu.com/PDF/104-5cat.pdf

For schedules, enrollment information and more, visit http://www.ttiedu.com.